Ocean, Past, Present, and Future Preface

This is an attempt towards a new lecture format including script - online resources, experiments, and videos

This is a test page to see whether latex formula can be built into a IUP webside to generate a text book

The wind causes a shear stress (tangential force) on the ocean surface and drags the water with it. This horizontal force is called the (surface) wind stress. In other words, wind stress is the vertical transfer of horizontal momentum. Thus atmospheric momentum is transferred into the ocean
\(\tau =\rho \cdot C_D \cdot U^2_{10}\)
where \(\rho_a = 1.3 kgm^{-3}\) is the density of air, \(U_{10}\) is wind speed at 10 meters, and \(C_D\) is the drag coefficient, measuring the roughness of the surface. Using eddy covariance instruments and anemometers wind fluctuations within 10–20 m of the sea surface can be measured, from which \(\tau\) is directly calculated. The figure shows the annual wind stress compiled in the ERA 5 reanalysis product.