Amazonia hosts the largest tropical forests and one of the three main air upwelling centres of the globe are located there. It is thus important both for the global carbon cycle and to some extent climate. I will present various analyses and results about ongoing changes of the Amazon carbon cycle and climate, based on a range of tools, with implications also for the global carbon cycle. Tools include atmospheric greenhouse gas data, oxygen isotope data as well as inferences about forest dynamics from forest plot networks and tree ring data. I will also show tree  hydraulics data which help understand mechanistically how resilient tropical forests are currently and into the future and which help understand ongoing trends of tree mortality.